Table 1 Key differences in TLSs between gliomas and peripheral tumours
From: Tertiary lymphoid structures in gliomas: impact on tumour immunity and progression
Features | TLSs in gliomas | TLSs in perpheral tumours |
|---|---|---|
Location | Predominantly at tumour margins/peritumoral areas, influenced by BBB | Distributed in tumour core/stroma, often near vasculature |
Maturity | Immature TLSs, poorly defined B cell/T cell zones | More mature TLSs with GC and clear zoning |
Immune composition | B cell and Treg dominance; fewer CD8 + T cells | Balanced B cells, CD4+/CD8 + T cells, DCs |
Functional role | Immunosuppressive | Pro-inflammatory, supports antitumor immunity |
Lymphatic link | Lack of functional lymphatic vessels, rely on perivascular spaces | Co-located with new lymphatic vessels for cell trafficking |
Therapeutic response | Poor response to ICIs | ICIs may enhance TLS-mediated immunity |