Fig. 7

Schematic illustrating the mechanism of A20 CAR5 T cells, designed to mimic the natural activation process of T cells. The integrin αvβ6-targeted CAR recognizes and binds to integrin αvβ6 present on cancer cells, while PD-L1, an immune checkpoint molecule, inhibits T cell activity by interacting with PD-1 expressed on the T cell surface. Full T cell activation occurs when integrin αvβ6 is recognized, and PD-L1 is neutralized by the secreted anti-PD-L1 scFv. Without this neutralization, PD-L1 remains active, preventing full T cell activation and reducing the immune response