Fig. 2

CD5 CAR-NK cells showed superior efficacy in eliminating CD5-positive tumor cell lines in vitro. (a) Flow cytometric analysis of surface expression levels of CD5, HLA-I, HLA-II, MICA/MICB, and ULBPs across multiple cell lines, normalized to isotype controls. (b) Degranulation analysis of CAR-NK, CAR-T, CAR-NK92, and NK cells. Data was presented as the mean ± SD from three independent donors (n = 3). (c) Cytolysis assay of CAR-NK, CAR-T, CAR-NK92 and NK cells. Data represent the mean ± SD for three donors. (d) Quantitative analysis of TNF-α and IFN-γ secretion by CAR-NK, CAR-T, CAR-NK92, and NK cells following co-culture with the specified target cells