Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients classified according to the COVID-19 severity index (n = 124)

Age, years, mean ± SD

55.2 ± 14.6

42.3 ± 11.1

55.5 ± 12.8

63.2 ± 11.6

< 0.001^#

 <60 years, n (%)

78 (62.9)

34 (100)

24 (64.9)

20 (37.7)

 ≥60 years, n (%)

46 (37.1)

0

13 (35.1)

33 (62.3)

Gender, n (%)

0.025^$

 Male

63 (50.8)

12 (35.3)

17 (45.9)

34 (64.2)

 Female

61 (49.2)

22 (64.7)

20 (54.1)

19 (35.8)

Body Mass Index (BMI), kg/m², mean ± SD

30.7 ± 6.6

28.7 ± 4.7

30.5 ± 6.2

32.2 ± 7.5

0.050^#

 <30 kg/m²

67 (54.0)

24 (70.6)

20 (54.1)

23 (43.4)

 ≥30 kg/m²

57 (46.0)

10 (29.4)

17 (45.9)

30 (56.6)

Co-morbidities, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

4 (3.2)

0

2 (5.4)

2 (3.8)

0.570*

 Heart diseases

5 (4.0)

0

0

5 (9.4)

0.044*

 Hypertension

38 (30.6)

5 (14.7)

12 (32.4)

21 (39.6)

0.047^$

 Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease

8 (6.5)

0

1 (2.7)

7 (13.2)

0.032*

Days of hospitalization, median (IQR)

7 (4–9)

7 (4–8)

6 (4–8.5)

7 (4–10.5)

0.455^&

Intensive care unit (ICU)

13 (10.5)

0

2 (5.4)

11 (20.8)

< 0.001*

Supplemental oxygen, n (%)

58 (46.8)

0

8 (21.6)

50 (94.3)

< 0.001^$

Antibiotics, n (%)

25 (20.2)

3 (8.8)

9 (24.3)

13 (24.5)

0.154^$

Death during hospitalization, n (%)

8 (6.5)

0

1 (2.7)

7 (13.2)

0.032*

Number of COVID-19 symptoms

3 (2–4)

3 (2–4)

3 (2–3)

3 (2–4)

0.287^&