Fig. 7

Microfluidic chip-based analyses of nivolumab-mediated effects on immune cell migration and cytokine release towards TMPRSS2^high cells. A, B: During a 3-day period, immune cells significantly infiltrated toward TMPRSS2^high MCF-7 cells (A), but not to TMPRSS2^low cells (B) treated with nivolumab. C, D. Representative immunofluorescent images of day 3 cancer cells, TMPRSS2^high (C) and TMPRSS2^low (D) marked in red, lymphocytes in blue and apoptotic cells in green. E: Percentage of apoptotic cells of TMPRSS2^high/vector MCF-7 cells. Nivolumab therapy on immune cells showed a marginally higher apoptosis rate in TMPRSS2^high compared to TMPRSS2^low cells. F: Higher release of IL-2 and reduced CCL2 and CCL3 levels in TMPRSS2^high MCF-7 cells when compared to mock-transfected cells. CI - Cancer cells co-cultured with Immune cells, CIN – CI treated with nivolumab