Table 4 Muscle thickness and echogenicity in adults stratified for sex and age

I

18–25 years

126

16.06 ± 2.47^a

55.15 ± 10.42^a

1.48 ± 1.10^a

18–23 years

273

17.60 ± 2.99^a

54.49 ± 11.91^a

2.24 ± 1.51^a

II

26–38 years

125

14.75 ± 2.89^b

57.44 ± 9.25^a

0.99 ± 0.68^b

24–31 years

284

18.63 ± 3.48^b

55.01 ± 11.00^a

1.63 ± 1.00^b

III

39–49 years

124

13.33 ± 2.72^c

66.90 ± 9.74^b

0.65 ± 0.54^c

32–45 years

266

16.83 ± 2.70^c

59.10 ± 12.04^b

1.20 ± 0.79^c

IV

50–89 years

138

11.71 ± 2.94^d

71.37 ± 12.86^c

0.47 ± 0.28^c

46–84 years

294

15.47 ± 3.46^d

63.59 ± 12.47^c

1.00 ± 0.92^c

p

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

p

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Thigh

Women

Men

I

18–27 years

270

38.31 ± 7.40^a

39.14 ± 14.37^a

3.06 ± 1.56^a

18–22 years

239

40.95 ± 8.19^a

37.94 ± 14.59^a

6.76 ± 3.34^a

II

28–40 years

257

33.05 ± 8.36^b

46.74 ± 15.77^b

2.26 ± 0.87^b

23–30 years

300

42.00 ± 9.46^a

43.08 ± 13.66^b

6.68 ± 3.10^a

III

41–50 years

282

30.99 ± 7.06^c

53.91 ± 15.25^c

1.93 ± 0.79^c

31–45 years

293

40.27 ± 7.69^a

43.77 ± 14.07^b

3.63 ± 3.66^a

IV

51–89 years

276

27.90 ± 7.33^d

55.69 ± 17.94^c

1.72 ± 0.80^c

46–84 years

280

32.32 ± 7.07^b

52.35 ± 15.51^c

5.19 ± 2.14^b

p

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

p

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Hip

Chest

I

18–33 years

177

22.15 ± 4.75^a

61.85 ± 11.84^a

2.18 ± 1.36^a

18–24 years

202

27.59 ± 6.20^a

51.22 ± 11.88^a

7.09 ± 3.81^a

II

34–43 years

155

20.73 ± 4.26^b

64.91 ± 10.90^a

2.19 ± 1.46^a

25–31 years

202

29.39 ± 7.17^a

53.55 ± 12.05^a

6.03 ± 3.47^b

III

44–51 years

189

21.28 ± 4.26^{a, b}

70.28 ± 12.38^b

1.47 ± 0.84^b

32–46 years

250

28.57 ± 7.12^a

56.87 ± 13.52^b

5.06 ± 3.59^c

IV

52–74 years

200

20.09 ± 4.33^b

72.89 ± 11.65^b

1.46 ± 0.86^b

47–74 years

236

24.74 ± 7.81^b

66.06 ± 13.10^c

4.37 ± 3.15^c

p

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

p

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

Triceps

I

18–33 years

204

32.17 ± 7.01^a

42.55 ± 14.86^a

2.40 ± 1.01^a

II

34–44 years

208

32.59 ± 6.93^a

43.03 ± 14.87^{a, b}

2.13 ± 0.73^b

III

45–53 years

210

32.65 ± 5.84^a

46.57 ± 14.11^{b, c}

1.88 ± 0.56^c

IV

54–89 years

210

31.16 ± 6.03^a

49.84 ± 15.68^c

1.89 ± 0.59^c

p

0.069

< 0.001

< 0.001