Fig. 5

The characterization detection of N-PTL. A LC–MS spectrum of N-PTL. B Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) hydrogen spectrum of N-PTL. C Zeta potential of N-PTL. D Size distribution of N-PTL. E Infrared spectroscopy of N-PTL. F Representative image of TEM of N-PTL (bar, 1 µm) (n = 3 independent experiments). G Uptake rates of PTL and N-PTL in VECs. H The pharmacokinetic curves of PTL and N-PTL (n = 3 independent experiments)