Fig. 4

GA alleviates cellular injury caused by mechanical stress overload by inhibiting ferroptosis in skeletal muscle cells A CCK-8 assay histograms showing the cytotoxicity of GA on skeletal muscle cells B-C Detection of IL-6, TNF-α, CK, LDH, Fe²⁺ and MDA levels in skeletal muscle tissue by ELISA D-F Immunofluorescence detection of Piezo1 and GPX4 expression in different groups of cells, with “_” representing 100 μm, accompanied by quantitative histograms G Mitochondrial morphology in different groups of cells under transmission electron microscopy, with “_” indicating 500 nm H-I Western blot bands represent the expression levels of Piezo1, GPX4, FTH1 and COX2 proteins in different groups of mouse cells, with histograms representing the quantitative data of each index standardized to β-actin J Detection of Piezo1, GPX4, FTH1 and COX2 mRNA levels in skeletal muscle cells by RT-qPCR Values are expressed as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments (n = 3). * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001