Fig. 2

GA alleviates mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by excessive exercise in mice A-B Immunohistochemical analysis of SOD expression in skeletal muscle tissue from different groups of mice, with “_” indicating 100 μm, accompanied by quantitative histograms C Detection of ATP, GSH and GSSG levels in skeletal muscle tissue by ELISA D-E Western blot bands represent the expression levels of TOM20 and SOD proteins in different groups of mouse tissues, with histograms representing the quantitative data of each index standardized to β-actin F Detection of TOM20 and SOD mRNA levels in skeletal muscle tissue by RT-qPCR Values are expressed as the mean ± SD from three independent experiments (n = 3). * p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001