Fig. 5

Effects of ADSC-derived exosomes on the expression of related genes and proteins in cranial defect tissues. The statistical analysis of the gene expression level of CD31 (A), VEGFA (B), OCN (C), and RUNX2 (D) in cranial defect tissues (n = 6). The representative images of protein blots of CD31, VEGFA, OCN, RUNX2, and β-actin in cranial defect tissues (E). The statistical analysis of the protein expression level of CD31 (F), VEGFA (G), OCN (H), and RUNX2 (I) in cranial defect tissues (n = 3). All generated data were included in the statistical analysis. ^****/***/**p < 0.0001/0.001/0.01 vs. Blank