Fig. 4
Forest plot of mean difference of wound closure rate of 31 studies following MSC-EVs interventions in diabetic or non-diabetic wound healing model in comparison to placebo controls. The diamond represents the pooled SMD. I2 value represents the statistical heterogeneity. MSC-EVs interventions were effective in promoting wound closure both in diabetic and non diabatic groups (SMD = 3.59, 95% CI: 3.16 to 4.03, p < 0.00001; SMD = 3.60, 95% CI: 2.95 to 4.26, p < 0.00001 in diabetes and non-diabetes models, respectively)