Fig. 2
From: Accumulated β-catenin is associated with human atrial fibrosis and atrial fibrillation
Impaired gap junction in the hRAA of AF patients. Transmission electron microscopic analysis of human RAA tissues from 5 SR and 5 AF patients. (A,B) Electron microscopic graphs showed ultrastructural structure of human RAA sections from SR and AF patients. White arrows indicated gap junctions (GJ). Bar, 200 nm. (C) Analysis of distance of gap junction (n = 45 for SR from 5 SR patients, n = 45 for AF from 5 AF patients). The statistical significance of differences between means was assessed by Student t test. ***p<0.001. SR: sinus rhythm; AF: atrial fibrillation; RAA, right atrial appendage