Fig. 4

CD8⁺ T cells with mutual exclusivity pattern relates to anti-PD-1 resistance in gastric cancer. A Bar plot showing the intergroup differences in ICEPs in CD8⁺ T cells. B Box plot displaying the intergroup differences in KLRC1 expression in CD8⁺ T cells. C Subpopulations of spatial transcriptomic data. D Spatial localization of tumor cells using Cell2location on the samples, with color intensity representing the infiltration abundance. E Division of samples into intratumoral and peritumoral regions based on the tumor cell localization obtained from Cell2location. F Box plot showing the expression values and statistical differences of PDCD1, CTLA4, TIGIT, and KLRC1 between the peritumoral and intratumoral regions. G Expression values of immune checkpoint markers PDCD1, CTLA4, TIGIT, as well as CD8⁺ T cell, CD4⁺ T cell, ICEP2, and ICEP1 in each clustered subpopulation. H Subdivision of regions into high-density, medium-density, low-density, and peritumoral areas based on tumor cell infiltration levels. I Box plot illustrating the cytotoxicity scores of cells in different regions; *P-value < 0.05; **P-value < 0.01; ***P-value < 0.001; ****P-value < 0.0001