Measurable residual disease monitoring by ddPCR in the early posttransplant period complements the traditional MFC method to predict relapse after HSCT in AML/MDS: a multicenter retrospective study

Table 2 Univariate analysis for CIR, NRM, RFS, and OS in patients with non-DTA genes

Variables	n	CIR		NRM		RFS		OS
Variables	n	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR (95% CI)	P Value
ddPCR MRD
Negative	98	1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]
Positive	52	3.97(1.81–8.71)	< 0.001	1.14(0.27–4.75)	0.860	3.58(1.87–6.87)	< 0.001	3.80(1.67–8.61)	0.001
Tandem assessment							< 0.001		0.011
F-/M-	93	1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]
F-/M+	43	5.73(2.23–14.70)	< 0.001	1.49(0.36–6.25)	0.583	3.60(1.72–7.54)	0.001	3.88(1.61–9.38)	0.003
F+/M-	6	9.83(2.54-38.00)	< 0.001	N		4.83(1.36–17.13)	0.015	1.74(0.22–13.98)	0.600
F+/M+	8	25.30(7.24–88.50)	< 0.001	N		12.80(4.77–34.36)	< 0.001	5.54(1.47–20.92)	0.012
Remission status at time of HSCT							< 0.001		0.002
CR1	102	1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]
≥CR2	26	2.66(1.12–6.28)	0.026	1.93(0.18–20.70)	0.590	2.42(1.07–5.48)	0.034	1.29(0.42-4.00)	0.661
No CR	22	3.36(1.38–8.16)	0.008	12.37(2.36–64.90)	0.003	5.27(2.53–10.99)	< 0.001	4.50(1.89–10.73)	0.001
HLA match, n (%)
MMRD/MMUD	126	1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]
MRD/MUD	24	0.85(0.30–2.43)	0.760	N		0.60(0.21–1.69)	0.332	0.66(0.20–2.22)	0.506
DRI-R
Low/Intermediate	92	1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]		1.00[Reference]
High/Very high	58	3.97(1.81–8.71)	< 0.001	11.60(1.47–92.10)	0.020	5.51(2.67–11.35)	< 0.001	5.76(2.30-14.43)	< 0.001

Abbreviations ddPCR, droplet digital PCR; MRD, measurable residual disease; CIR, cumulative incidence of relapse; NRM, non-relapse mortality; RFS, relapse-free survival; OS, overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; F+/M+, MFC MRD-positive and non-DTA MRD-positive; F-/M+, MFC MRD-negative and non-DTA MRD-positive; F+/M-, MFC MRD-positive and non-DTA MRD-negative; F-/M-, MFC MRD-negative and non-DTA MRD-negative; CR, complete remission; CR1, first complete remission; CR2, second complete remission; MMRD, mismatched related donor, MMUD, mismatched unrelated donor; MRD, matched related donor; MUD, matched unrelated donor; DRI-R, refined disease risk index

ISSN: 1479-5876